PURPOSE To assess two methods of fat and fibroglandular tissue (FGT) segmentation for measuring breast MRI FGT volume and FGT%, the volume percentage of FGT in the breast, in longitudinal studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nine premenopausal women provided one MRI per week for 4 weeks during a natural menstrual cycle for a total of 36 datasets. We compared a fuzzy c-means (FC) and a 3-point Dixon...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate sources of error in the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) measurement of percent fibroglandular tissue (%FGT) using two-point Dixon sequences for fat-water separation. METHODS Ten female volunteers (median age: 31 yrs, range: 23-50 yrs) gave informed consent following Research Ethics Committee approval. Each volunteer was scanned twice following repositioning to enable a...

Obesity is caused by an imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure and accumulation of excess lipids in adipose tissues. Recent studies have demonstrated that green tea and its processed products (e.g., oolong and black tea) are introduced to exert beneficial effects on lipid metabolism. Here, we propose that fermented green tea (FGT) extract, as a novel processed green tea, exhibi...

The major components of tea may be significantly influenced according to the type of fermentation, and consequently the effects of different teas will differ. We examined whether green tea fermented with Aquilariae Lignum (fGT) shows a stronger anti-diabetic effect than unfermented green tea (GT) on mice with type 2 diabetes. To evaluate the anti-obesity effect of fGT, we assessed body weight, ...

When grown in glucose or fructose medium in the absence of sucrose, Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299 produces two distinct extracellular dextransucrases named glucose glucosyltransferase (GGT) and fructose glucosyltransferase (FGT). The production level of GGT and FGT is 10 to 20 times lower than that of the extracellular dextransucrase sucrose glucosyltransferase (SGT) produced on sucrose...

In this report we discuss some technical aspects of the fast Gauss transform (FGT). The FGT is a special case of the single level FMM for the Gaussian potential. We give detailed derivation of the correct error bounds which is rather terse in the original paper. We also briefly discuss about the data structures to implement the space subdivision in higher dimensional spaces. [ FGT ]: April 8, 2006

Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is an attractive animal model for biological and biomedical research because it permits relatively easy genetic dissection of cellular pathways, including insulin/IGF-like signaling (IIS), that are conserved in mammalian cells. To explore C. elegans as a model system to study the regulation of the facilitative glucose transporter (GLUT), we have characterized...

OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship between background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) and fibroglandular tissue (FGT) proportion on breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and hormone receptor expression and molecular subtypes in invasive breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 75 breast cancer patients who underwent breast MRI before treatment. T1-weighted imag...